The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) has taken a significant step in its Section 301 investigation of Brazil, determining that several Brazilian trade policies and practices are “unreasonable” and burden or restrict U.S. commerce.

The June 1, 2026 determination covers a broad range of issues, including digital trade and electronic payment services, preferential tariff treatment for imports from Mexico and India, anti-corruption enforcement, intellectual property protection, ethanol market access, and illegal deforestation.

For U.S. importers, the key takeaway is that USTR has now proposed responsive actions and is seeking public comment before a statutory deadline of July 15, 2026. While specific measures have not yet been finalized, Section 301 actions could include a 25% tariff on US imports of certain goods from Brazil.

Stakeholders have an opportunity to influence the outcome. Requests to appear at the USTR hearing are due June 22, written comments are due July 1, and a public hearing is scheduled for July 6.

If you wish to submit a public comment you can view the Federal Register notice here:

Brazil Section 301 Actionability and Proposed Action FRN 6-1-26 Final.pdf

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